When looking into pain management options for labour, one of the most common suggestions you might come across is a TENS machine. As a non-invasive, non- pharmacological, inexpensive and accessible option, utilising a TENS machine as one of your strategies to work through labour can be an amazing choice. But what actually is a TENS machine and how does it help you to manage your labour pain?
What is a TENS machine?
A TENS machine is a battery operated device that sends small, safe pulses of electrical current via leads to four electrode pads which are held in place on your skin by a firm gel.
What’s different about an ‘obstetric’ TENS?
Obstetric TENS units come with an additional function that allows you to increase the intensity of the electrical pulses, usually by a separate button or trigger. This is handy during labour when needing a little extra boost to work through a contraction.
What does TENS mean and how does it work?
TENS, or ‘Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation’, works by what is called the “pain gate” theory; where the creation of additional uncomfortable sensations works to distract your brain. Our brain has limited pathways that focus on sending and receiving messages about pain, temperature, light touch, pressure, deep touch etc. So, when there is more than one source of these signals, it isn’t able to focus 100% on both, and is forced to split its attention - i.e cannot focus entirely on either.
How does it work as pain management?
By creating a ‘prickly’, ‘tingly’ sensation on your lower back, the TENS forces your brain to split its attention, which makes the pain of contractions feel less intense/more manageable. The discomfort of the prickling sensation also causes the release of ‘beta-endorphins’ which are your body’s own morphine-like pain relief.
How do I use it?
The earlier in your labour you use the TENS the more benefit you will feel. Beta-endorphin levels will build over time, making the TENS more effective.
As soon as you are finding your contractions slightly uncomfortable, place the electrodes onto your back.
TENS machines can not be used in water. You will need to take them off if you hop into a bath or a shower. Pop them back on when you’re out and dry again.
When you are feeling a contraction coming, press the ‘boost’ option to increase the intensity of the electrical pulses.
Once the contraction has passed, turn off the ‘boost’. You will continue to have a lower intensity, constant ‘baseline’ sensation.
You can continue to use the TENS machine as long as you like! There is no limit, or adverse effects, of using the TENS for long periods.
Sound great? Obstetric TENS units are available for hire from Female Focus Physiotherapy, with a four week hire period for only $65.
Written by Eleanor Lambert.
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